A Finite Element Method with Singularity Reconstruction for Fractional Boundary Value Problems
ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis , Tome 49 (2015) no. 5, pp. 1261-1283.

We consider a two-point boundary value problem involving a Riemann−Liouville fractional derivative of order α(1,2) in the leading term on the unit interval (0,1). The standard Galerkin finite element method can only give a low-order convergence even if the source term is very smooth due to the presence of the singularity term x α-1 in the solution representation. In order to enhance the convergence, we develop a simple singularity reconstruction strategy by splitting the solution into a singular part and a regular part, where the former captures explicitly the singularity. We derive a new variational formulation for the regular part, and show that the Galerkin approximation of the regular part can achieve a better convergence order in the L 2 (0,1), H α/2 (0,1) and L (0,1)-norms than the standard Galerkin approach, with a convergence rate for the recovered singularity strength identical with the L 2 (0,1) error estimate. The reconstruction approach is very flexible in handling explicit singularity, and it is further extended to the case of a Neumann type boundary condition on the left end point, which involves a strong singularity x α-2 . Extensive numerical results confirm the theoretical study and efficiency of the proposed approach.

Reçu le :
DOI : 10.1051/m2an/2015010
Classification : 65M60, 65N30, 45J05
Mots clés : Finite element method, Riemann−Liouville derivative, fractional boundary value problem, error estimate, singularity reconstruction
Jin, Bangti 1 ; Zhou, Zhi 2

1 Department of Computer Science, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
2 Department of Mathematics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3368, USA.
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     title = {A {Finite} {Element} {Method} with {Singularity} {Reconstruction} for {Fractional} {Boundary} {Value} {Problems}},
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Jin, Bangti; Zhou, Zhi. A Finite Element Method with Singularity Reconstruction for Fractional Boundary Value Problems. ESAIM: Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Analysis , Tome 49 (2015) no. 5, pp. 1261-1283. doi : 10.1051/m2an/2015010. http://www.numdam.org/articles/10.1051/m2an/2015010/

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