Algebraic Geometry
The relations among invariants of points on the projective line
[Les relations entre invariants des points sur la droite projective]

Présenté par : Pierre Deligne

Howard, Ben1 ; Millson, John2 ; Snowden, Andrew3 ; Vakil, Ravi4
1 Dept. of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
2 Dept. of Mathematics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
3 Dept. of Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
4 Dept. of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
Comptes Rendus. Mathématique, Tome 347 (2009) no. 19-20, pp. 1177-1182.

Nous considérons l'anneau des invariants de n points ordonnés sur la droite projective. L'espace (P1)n//SL2 est peut-être le premier exemple intéressant d'un quotient GIT. La construction dépend du choix des poids pour les n points. En 1894, Kempe a introduit un ensemble de générateurs (dans le cas où tous les poids sont égaux à 1). Ici, nous décrivons les relations entre les générateurs pour tous les choix de poids. En un sens il n'y a qu'une relation, qui est quadratique sauf dans le cas classique de la cubique de Segre, lorsque n=6 et que les poids sont 16. Pour n inférieur ou égal à 6, la géométrie est classique. Le cas n=8 est plus riche encore et est développé dans cet article.

We consider the ring of invariants of n points on the projective line. The space (P1)n//SL2 is perhaps the first nontrivial example of a GIT quotient. The construction depends on the weighting of the n points. Kempe found generators (in the unit weight case) in 1894. We describe the full ideal of relations for all weightings. In some sense, there is only one equation, which is quadratic except for the classical case of the Segre cubic primal, for n=6 and weight 16. The cases of up to 6 points are long known to relate to beautiful familiar geometry. The case of 8 points turns out to be richer still.

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Accepté le :
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DOI : 10.1016/j.crma.2009.07.013
Howard, Ben 1 ; Millson, John 2 ; Snowden, Andrew 3 ; Vakil, Ravi 4

1 Dept. of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
2 Dept. of Mathematics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
3 Dept. of Mathematics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
4 Dept. of Mathematics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 
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Howard, Ben; Millson, John; Snowden, Andrew; Vakil, Ravi. The relations among invariants of points on the projective line. Comptes Rendus. Mathématique, Tome 347 (2009) no. 19-20, pp. 1177-1182. doi : 10.1016/j.crma.2009.07.013. https://www.numdam.org/articles/10.1016/j.crma.2009.07.013/

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[4] B. Howard, J. Millson, A. Snowden, R. Vakil, The ideal of relations for the ring of invariants of n points on the line, in preparation

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